Cotinus cotinus, also known as smoke tree, is a flowering shrub native to southern Europe. Extracts made from the leaves and stems of this plant have been used in traditional folk medicine for centuries. Today, Cotinus cotinus extract is gaining popularity as a dietary supplement and ingredient in cosmetics due to its rich antioxidant content and potential health benefits.
Proponents claim that Cotinus cotinus extract exhibits anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and skin-enhancing effects. However, many of these purported benefits lack thorough scientific research. This article will examine what is currently known about Cotinus cotinus extract, including its chemical composition, traditional uses, and health-related applications. An overview of existing research will also be provided to shed light on the validity of common claims surrounding this botanical extract.
Understanding Cotinus cotinus Extract
1 Cotinus cotinus Plant
Cotinus cotinus is a deciduous shrub belonging to the Anacardiaceae family. It is also known by several common names including smoke bush, smoke tree, Venetian sumac, and wig tree. This large shrub can reach up to 4-6 meters in height and is characterized by its attractive, billowy purple-pink inflorescences that give it a smoky appearance.
Historically, Cotinus cotinus has been utilized for its yellow, orange, and red fall foliage as well as its medicinal properties. Various parts of the plant, including the leaves, stems, and fruits, have been used to treat illnesses and ailments in traditional Turkish, Greek, and Chinese medicine (1).
To produce Cotinus cotinus extract, key bioactive compounds are extracted from the leaves and stems through solvent extraction methods. This concentrated extract contains a high level of polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins, and other phytochemicals that are thought to be responsible for its therapeutic effects (2).
2 Nutritional and Chemical Composition
Research analyzing the chemical makeup of Cotinus cotinus extract has identified a diverse array of bioactive plant compounds. The extract contains high concentrations of hydrolysable tannins known as gallotannins, particularly methyl gallate and pentagalloyl glucose (1,3).
Flavonoids, including quercetin, kaempferol and their glycosides, are also abundant in Cotinus cotinus extract. Additionally, it contains phenolic acids such as gallic acid, ellagic acid, and chlorogenic acid. Other phytochemicals present include the terpenoid squalene and carotenoid pigments like beta-carotene (2,4). This unique nutritional profile is responsible for the potent antioxidant capacity demonstrated by Cotinus cotinus extract in vitro.
Health Benefits of Cotinus cotinus Extract
1 Anti-inflammatory Properties
Numerous examinations have highlighted the calming action of Cotinus cotinus extract in cell culture and creature models. In particular, the concentrate had the option to stifle the development of specific proinflammatory cytokines and arbiters like disease corruption factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), nitric oxide (NO), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) (4,5). Analysts accept that these impacts are connected with the capacity of polyphenols and gallotannins in the concentrate to alter provocative flagging pathways.
To fully confirm the anti-inflammatory properties of Cotinus cotinus, additional research on human subjects is still required, despite these promising preliminary findings. Its traditional use as a treatment for inflammatory conditions may be supported by standardized extracts administered in clinical trials.
2 Antioxidant Effects
In vitro examinations reliably exhibit that Cotinus extract has high disease prevention agent action and a capacity to rummage-free extremists. The extract has been displayed to hinder lipid peroxidation and diminish oxidative harm to cell DNA and proteins (5,6). This ability is attributed by researchers to its high content of flavonoids and phenolic compounds with known antioxidant properties.
By counteracting oxidative stress, the antioxidants in Cotinus cotinus may confer protection against chronic diseases linked to free radical damage. However, human research is limited in this area. Animal studies suggest it holds promise for mitigating oxidant-induced toxicity and tissue injury, but more investigation is warranted (7).
3 Other Potential Health Benefits
Beyond its disease prevention agent and calming exercises, Cotinus extract might offer extra medical advantages:
- Antimicrobial properties: Cotinus exhibits antibacterial and antifungal impacts in research center testing, which are believed to be interceded by intensifies like gallic corrosive, methyl gallate, and tannins (8). It has been shown to prevent some yeasts, dermatophytes, and bacteria from growing.
- Skin wellbeing: Applied topically, Cotinus extract displays the potential for improving skin thickness, collagen content, and versatility while lessening transepidermal water misfortune in light of creature research (9). It is also rich in squalene, a compound commonly used for its emollient and hydrating effects.
- Liver protection: An animal study found Cotinus cotinus extract mitigated damage caused by chemically-induced liver toxicity, suggesting a hepatoprotective effect that warrants more research (10).
However, substantial human studies specifically examining these applications are lacking. More clinical evidence is required to confirm whether Cotinus cotinus can provide these proposed therapeutic benefits safely and effectively in humans.
Traditional and Contemporary Uses
1 Historical Uses
The use of Cotinus cotinus as a medicinal plant dates back centuries. In traditional Turkish medicine, an decoction made from the leaves was consumed to treat gastrointestinal disorders and hemorrhoids (1).
Greek medicine utilized preparations from the leaves and flowers of Cotinus cotinus as an anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and wound-healing agent (11). Its astringent and antiseptic properties were also valued for treating skin conditions.
This shrub was similarly incorporated in traditional Chinese medicine as a remedy for colds, tonsillitis, and other inflammatory issues based on its cooling and detoxifying effects (12). These time-honored applications highlight the historical significance of Cotinus cotinus as a therapeutic plant.
Modern Applications
Today, Cotinus cotinus remains a prevalent ingredient in herbal medicine and has expanded into the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries internationally. Cotinus extract is currently broadly accessible as a dietary enhancement promoted to help well-being. It is additionally added to healthy skin items, similar to hostile to maturing serums and salves, for its disease prevention agent, calming, and saturating characteristics (13).
Additionally, Cotinus cotinus is used as a natural food additive and colorant in some regions. With contemporary manufacturing methods that optimize extraction of bioactives, Cotinus cotinus continues offering potential wellness benefits while also adding novel commercial value.
Safety and Considerations
1 Potential Side Effects
Currently, there is minimal data from human studies examining the safety and side effects of Cotinus cotinus extract. When used topically, it is generally well tolerated with rare occurrences of contact dermatitis or skin irritation (14). Internal supplementation also appears to be safe at typical dosages, though there is a lack of clinical safety data.
Some sources caution against large oral doses of Cotinus cotinus due to its tannin content, which may potentially cause stomach irritation, nausea, or liver and kidney problems in high amounts. Individuals with gallbladder issues may also want to avoid use due to the gallic acid present. More human research is needed to establish definitive safety parameters for internal consumption or use beyond 4-6 weeks (15).
Interactions and Precautions
It is possible that Cotinus cotinus may interact with certain medications, particularly those broken down by the liver. Due to risks such as decreased efficacy or increased side effects, caution is advised when combining it with blood thinners, antihypertensives, diabetes medications, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), immunosuppressants, or other medications with narrow therapeutic windows (15).
Those with medical issues like diabetes, chemical touchy malignant growths, immune system problems, or kidney or liver sickness ought to practice alert and counsel their medical care supplier prior to utilizing cotinus supplements. Due to the lack of evidence regarding its safety, pregnant or breastfeeding women should also refrain from using it. Antagonistic responses might in any case happen in certain people even at suggested measurements. Likewise, with any enhancement, it is shrewd to begin low and gradually increment admission while observing for aftereffects.
Conclusion
Cotinus extract is a rising herbal fixing with hundreds of years of conventional use behind it. Starter research has revealed proof for its disease prevention agent, calming, antimicrobial, and other advantageous bioactivities. However, significant human studies are still lacking to fully comprehend its health potential, establish the most effective dosage, and fully confirm these effects.
While this Mediterranean bush shows guarantee as a therapeutic plant, shoppers ought to know that many cases with respect to cotinus extract anticipate more thorough logical assessment. Its rich phytochemical profile positively makes it a build of interest, however, insight requires a level of mindfulness too. Likewise, with any enhancement, it is ideal to counsel an educated professional to weigh potential advantages versus gambles on a singular premise.
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